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Av Efraim Karsh
Noter:
[1] Efraim Karsh and Rory Miller, «Freya Stark in America: Orientalism, Anti-Semitism, and Political Propaganda,» Journal of Contemporary History, Vol. 39, No. 3 (July 2004), 327.
[2] Joseph W. Bendersky, «From Cowards and subversives to Aggressors and Questionable Allies: US Army Perception of Zionism since World WW I,» Journal of Israeli History, 25:1 (2006), 123-24.
[3] Rivka Yadlin, Genuis Yahir Veosheq:Anti-Zionut ke-Anti-Yahadut be-Mitsraim (Jerusalem: Yad Ben-Zvi, 1988), 127.
[4] Akhbar al-Yom (Cairo), Oct. 11, 1947. For background of the statement and its full translation see: David Barnett and Efraim Karsh,»Azzam’s Genocidal Threat,» Middle East Forum, Fall 2011, 85-88.
[5] «Political Program for the Present Stage drawn up by the 12th PNC, Cairo, June 9, 1974,» Journal of Palestine Studies, Summer 1974, 224-25.
[6] Efraim Karsh, Arafat’s War: the Man and his Battle for Israeli Conquest (New York: Grove, 2003).
[7] As early as October 11, 1949 the prominent Egyptian politician Muhammad Salah al-Din, soon to become his country’s foreign minister, wrote in the influential Egyptian daily al-Misri that «in demanding the restoration of the refugees to Palestine, the Arabs intend that they shall return as the masters of the homeland and not as slaves. More specifically, they intend to annihilate the state of Israel» (quoted in Israel’s Foreign Ministry, Research Department, «Refugee Repatriation—A Danger to Israel’s security,» Sept. 4, 1951, Israel’s State Archives, ISA, FM 2564/1.
[8] Edward Said, The Question of Palestine (New York: Vintage, 1980), 12–13.
[9] Edward Said, «My Right of Return,» interview with Haaretz journalist Ari Shavit, Aug. 18, 2000.
[10] Tony Judt, «Israel: The Alternative,» New York Review of Books, Oct. 23, 2003.
[11] The most infamous pogrom took place in the Polish town of Kielce, where on July 4, 1946, local mobs attacked surviving and returning Jews in the city after false rumors spread that Jews had abducted a Christian child whom they intended to kill for ritual purposes. The rioters killed at least 42 Jews and wounded approximately 50 more.
[12] «Interview [by] Clare Hollingowith with Azzam Pasha, Mar. 23, 1948, ISA, S25/9020; Cairo to London, Jun. 4, 1948, FO 371/68527.
[13] David Ben Gurion’s Diary (Sde Boker), Jun. 2, 1949.
[14] Daniel Pipes, «The Hell of Israel is Better than the Paradise of Arafat,» Middle East Quarterly, Spring 2005, 43-50.
[15] Yale Law School, the Avalon Project, «Hamas Covenant,» Articles 11.
[16] Robert Fisk, The Great War for Civilization: the Conquest of the Middle East (New York: Vintage, 2007).
[17] Hillel C. Neuer, «The Struggle against Anti-Israel Bias at the U.N. Commission on Human Rights,» Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs, No. 40, Jan. 1, 2006; «UN Wipes Israel Off the Map—Photos – Nov. 29, 2005, UN Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People,»http://www.eyeontheun.org/view.asp?l=21&p=142.
[18] Edwin Black, «Ford Foundation Aided Groups Behind Biased Durban Parley,» Forward, Oct. 17, 2003; Jerusalem Post, Sept. 2, 2001; Anne F. Bayefsky, «Terrorism and Racism: the Aftermath of Durban,» Jerusalem Letter/Viewpoints, No. 468, Dec. 16, 2001(http://www.jcpa.org/jl/vp468.htm); Irwin Cotler, «Durban’s Troubling Legacy One Year Later: Twisting the Cause of International Human Rights Against the Jewish People,» Jerusalem Issue Brief, Vol. 2, No. 5 (Aug. 20, 2002).
[19] «Record of Conversation which the Prime Minister and Secretary of State had with the United States Ambassador on the 28th April 1948,» FO 800/487.
[20] For Banna’s ideology and political career see: Hassan al-Banna: Shaheed (Karachi: International Islamic Publishers, 1981); Richard P. Mitchell, The Society of the Muslim Brothers (New York: Oxford University Press, 1993); Robert St. John, The Boss: The Story of Gamal Abdel Nasser (New York: McGraw Hill, 1960), 41-42.
[21] Muhammad Amin Husseini, Haqa’iq an Qadiyat Filastin (Cairo: Maktab al-Hay’a al-Arabiyya al-Ulya li-Filastin, 2nd ed., 1956; Abdel Karim Umar, Mudhakkirat al-Hajj Muhammad Amin al-Husseini (Damascus: Ahali, 1999), pp. 107, 124-27.
[22] See, for example, Fayez A. Sayegh, Zionist Colonialism in Palestine (Beirut: Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center, 1965).
[23] «Tutu Condemns Israeli Apartheid,» BBC News, Apr. 29, 2002.
[24] Jimmy carter, Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2006).
[25] «Mairead Corrigan-Maguire: Stand Up to Israeli Apartheid,» Stop de Landroof (http://www.stopdebezetting.com/wereldpers/mairead-corrigan-maguire-stand-up-to-israeli-apartheid.html), accessed Mar. 19, 2012.
[26] Palestine Royal Commission, Report. Presented to the Secretary of State for the Colonies in Parliament by Command of his Majesty, July 1937(London: HMSO; rep. 1946), 93 (vii).
[27] Vladimir Jabotinsky, The Jewish War Front (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1940), 216.
[28] Ibid., 216-20.
[29] David Ben-Gurion, Bama’araha (Tel Aviv: Mapai Publishing House, 1949), Vol. 4, Part 2, 265.
[30] Hagana Commander-in-Chief to Brigade Commanders, «The Arabs Residing in the Enclaves,» Mar. 24, 1948, Hagana Archiva (HA), 46/199z.
[31] Statistical data in this article is mainly taken from Israel’s Central Bureau of Statistics (http://www1.cbs.gov.il/reader/?MIval=cw_usr_view_Folder&ID=141). See also two articles by Amnon Rubinstein in Haaretz, Sept. 10, 2002 and Apr. 7, 2003.
[32] David Polock, «What do the Arabs of East Jerusalem Really Want?» Jerusalem Center for Public Policy, Sept. 7, 2011.
[33] Jeffrey Herf, «Convergence—the Classic Case: Nazi Germany, Anti-Semitism and Anti-Zionism during World War II,» Journal of Israeli History, Vol. 25, No. 1 (March 2006), 75, 77-78.
[34] Bendersky, «From Cowards and Subversives,» 114-15, 118.
[35] «Jews and Free Masons Controlled War on Iraq, Says No. 10 advisor,» Daily Telegraph, Sept. 12, 2005.
[36] John Mearsheimer and Stephen Walt, The Israel Lobby and U.S. Foreign Policy (Harvard University: John F. Kennedy School of Government, March 2006), 1.
[37] Efraim Karsh, Neutrality and Small States (London: Routledge, 1988; reissued 2010), 70-72.
[38] Irving Howe, «Vietnam and Israel,» in Irving Howe and Carl Gershman (eds.), Israel, the Arabs and the Middle East (New York: Bantam Books, 1982), 343-44.
[39] The Crisis of Zionism (New York: Times Books, 2012).
[40] Efraim Karsh and Rory Miller, «Did Edward Said Really Speak Truth to Power?» Middle East Quarterly, Vol. 15, No. 1 (Winter 2008), 13-21.
[41] Michael Kennedy, «rewriting History,» Inquirer Magazine, Feb. 1, 1998, p. 12.
[42] Thus, for example, Benny Morris (of Ben-Gurion University in Beersheba) admitted that in writing The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem (1987), he had «no access to»—elsewhere he said he «was not aware of»—the voluminous documents in the archives of the specific Israeli institutions whose actions in 1948 formed the burden of his indictment: the Hagana underground organization and the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). See: Morris, «Revisiting the Palestinian Exodus of 1948,» in Eugene Rogan and Avi Shlaim, The War for Palestine: Rewriting the History of 1948 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001), 37.
[43] Norman G. Finkelstein, The Holocaust Industry (London: Verso, 2003).
Israel Affairs – No. 8802 – July 31, 2012
Kilde: http://spme.net/articles/8802/4/6/The-War-against-the-Jews.html
